Mayor Cory Booker, who unveiled the new crime-fighting initiative during his State of the City speech, says Operation Ceasefire will change the community's perception of law enforcement and reduce prison recidivism
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NEWARK — Newark has a message for the gangbangers and drug dealers operating in the state’s largest city: We can help you. But we can also destroy you.
In a series of meetings starting later this month, law enforcement agents, community leaders and city officials will sit down with members of some of the city’s most violent groups. They’ll offer them jobs, drug treatment and help getting a high school or college degree.
But there’s a caveat: The next street gang or drug organization linked to a homicide will be dismantled, police say — swiftly and completely. The same goes for the next killing. And the next.
The strategy, called "hug-a-thug" by detractors because of the olive branch it extends to criminals, is based on a program called "Operation Ceasefire" that’s been used in Boston, Cincinnati and Chicago in an effort to reduce violent crime.
Newark Police Director Garry McCarthy calls Ceasefire the next step in the evolution of policing because it’s proactive instead of reactive and involves the entire community. The program, he said, could improve the department’s strained relationship with residents by reducing "stop and frisk" tactics that sometimes make residents feel like the police are an "occupation force."
"This is community policing that doesn’t exist on any other level, where the community and the police are standing together, telling criminals to stop what they’re doing," McCarthy said. "There’s a whole thing here for a racial reconciliation, which there is no doubt this city needs."
Mayor Cory Booker, who unveiled the new crime-fighting initiative during his State of the City address last week, called Operation Ceasefire "a powerful new policing approach" that will change the community’s perception of law enforcement and reduce prison recidivism.
"Currently, we are locking up hundreds and hundreds of people who are involved in gangs," Booker said. "Young men are going in and out of prisons and we, as a community, are not doing nearly enough to break this cycle of recidivism, which is consuming the lives of too many who are caught up in this dangerous lifestyle — and doing horrible collateral damage to Newark.
"Our new initiative seeks to end this," he said.
David Kennedy, the program’s co-founder and director of the Center for Crime Prevention and Control at John Jay College, said Newark will be the first city in New Jersey to implement the strategy.
joining forces
Kennedy created Ceasefire in 1996, along with former Harvard criminologist Anthony Braga, who now works at Rutgers-Newark; then-Harvard professor Anne Piehl; and the Boston Police Department.
It involves meetings among criminals, police, community leaders and social service providers.
In Newark, the Essex County Prosecutor’s Office, the U.S. Attorney’s Office and several federal agencies will join forces, McCarthy said.
After identifying members of the city’s most violent groups — largely street gangs and drug syndicates — police will require some of them to attend the meetings as part of their parole or probation.
During the meetings, community leaders will implore the ex-offenders to stop their groups’ violent acts while city officials extend offers of jobs and other assistance. County and federal law enforcement agents will then try to seal the deal: Shape up or face aggressive crackdowns.
McCarthy said the crackdowns would involve dismantling the groups "by any means necessary" — mostly through narcotics enforcement and warrant sweeps.
Lamont "True V" Vaughn, 28, a member of the Bloods, said he is skeptical gang members would be receptive to community handouts if law enforcement officials are present.
"I don’t think the police need to be involved in the entire thing from the get-go. I believe there are enough service providers and clergy members … even Booker himself should be the one talking to these guys," said Vaughn, who has been a Blood since he was 17 but is also a member of the Newark Anti-Violence Coalition. "Once people see police … the only ones that will go to those meeting will be the ones mandated by parole or probation.
"Nobody from the streets or the community will be there because the people here do not trust the police," he said.
Kennedy said that in cities where drug dealers and gang members haven’t participated, residents have sometimes banded together against the criminals.
"When they have been offered a way out and offered help and they’re still killing people, the community says ‘Okay, that’s enough,’ " he said
boston’s big results
Ceasefire has been used in several cities, most notably Boston, where it was launched in 1996 and showed immediate results. The number of murders dropped by 68 percent over a five-year period, from 98 in 1995 to 31 in 1999.
The program was suspended for several years after a change in police leadership but was reinstated in 2006. Since then, Police Commissioner Edward Davis said, the program has helped reduce the city’s murder rate again
Davis said the program makes gang members more visible to the community and police and strengthens ties between police and residents.
"Gang members think they are anonymous, and they think the community isn’t cooperating with police," he said. "Once the community gets into the equation … it has an effect."
Kennedy said Ceasefire normally produces a 35 percent to 50 percent drop in violent crime once implemented, but that the results in some cities do not mirror the dramatic success in Boston.
In Stockton, Calif., police began using a modified version of the program in 2001, leading to the capture of nearly 60 high-ranking gang members, police department spokesman Peter Smith said. But at the same time, the number of homicides rose from 2001 to 2005, according to city police records, and the city’s violent crime index jumped 27 percent in the same time span.
"Maybe Ceasefire was working and we had other elements working against it. … That is the case with almost all strategies that you implement in law enforcement," Smith said. "It’s hard to say what the magic bullet is."
Cincinnati police launched the program in 2007 after riots in 2001 lead to historic increases in violent crime. The results were mixed. Homicides fell 22 percent from 2007 to 2008, according to police records, but jumped the next year, to 75. They rose again, from 60 in 2009 to 73 last year.
There are other signs the strategy worked.
Robin Engel, director of the University of Cincinnati’s Policing Institute and a former member of the city’s Ceasefire implementation team, said gang-related killings have fallen by 35 percent over the past four years.
In Newark, law enforcement officials are welcoming the new strategy, especially after a bloody 2010 that included the most violent summer since 1990. Acting Essex County Prosecutor Carolyn Murray said she supports "any initiative that will reduce violence and save lives," while state Attorney General Paula Dow said she hopes Ceasefire can be a sustained anti-crime strategy in Newark.
Yet the strategy has its critics.
Frank Clayton, a retired Trenton gang investigator who often appears as an expert on the History Channel’s "Gangland," said New Jersey gangs are far less structured than criminal organizations in other states, which could lessen the effect of Ceasefire.
While any strategy is "better than nothing," he doubts gangbangers will accept a 9-to-5 job in place of a cash machine like the urban drug trade.
"They know two things, death and jail, and neither one scares them," Clayton said. "Will this work? I hope so, but I don’t have a lot of confidence that these guys will just turn their lives around. There’s millions and millions of dollars being made out there."
Staff writer David Giambusso contributed to this report.